An In Vitro Endosperm Culture of Anthurium

Abstract

A new route of in vitro endosperm culture of Anthurium andreanum Linden ex André aiming to regenerate triploid plants was successfully established. Regenerative callus up to 100% with + callus score was determined on Vacin and Went (VW) medium fortified by 0.75 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.15 mg/l benzylaminopurine (BAP) after periodical subcultures on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.12 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.75 mg/l TDZ and 0.5 mg/l BAP. High regeneration of shoots was proved in New Winarto Teixeira da Silva (NWT) medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/l 2,4-D, 1.5 mg/l TDZ, 0.75 mg/l BAP and 0.02 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and increased gradually from 3.6 - 13.5 shoots per callus subcultured after periodical subcultures. The shoots were easily rooted on  NWT medium containing 0.06 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.37 mg/l TDZ, 0.5 mg/l BAP and transferred ex vitro in a mixture of burned-rice husk, raw rice husk and organic manure (2:2:1, v/v/v) with acclimatization process described in the previous research resulting in 48-74% of plantlet survivability. The acclimatized-plants derived from the in vitro endosperm culture of the anthurium successfully produced 5-12.5% or 2-4 triploid plants out of 22-37 survival plantlets. The research results can be applied and improved for producing triploid plants on different anthuriums.